An infusion pump is a medical device used to deliver medications, fluids, and blood products into the body through intravenous (IV) means. These pumps are often used in hospitals and clinics to deliver substances to patients through peripheral or central veins. They work by pumping the medication against the arterial blood flow, ensuring that the substance is circulated throughout the body.
There are three main components to an infusion pump set: a container, a controlling device, and a tubing system. The container holds the substance to be infused, which can be anything from electrolytes and blood products to nutrients and other fluids. There are two types of infusion pumps: large volume pumps (LVPs), which hold more than 100mL of fluid in an IV bag or bottle, and small volume pumps (SVPs), also known as syringe pumps, which deliver smaller doses of medications such as anti-coagulants and vasopressor drugs.
The controlling device is connected to the container and is used to program the flow rate of the infusion. Many modern infusion pumps have a user interface that allows the user to input the desired flow rate, as well as display relevant information about the infusion rate, patient health, and any potential dangers. Flow rates can typically range from 0.01mL/hr to 999mL/hr.
The tubing system is used to transfer the substance from the container to the delivery site. These tubes are typically made of plastic and are disposable. They are attached to the patient using a syringe and can be gravity-fed, relying on gravity to control the flow of the substance.
There are several advantages to using infusion pump sets. They allow for controlled delivery of medications and fluids, can be used to intravenously supply nutrients to support life, and can be portable and easy to use with a controlling device. They are also useful for maintaining growth and development in pediatric patients and for ensuring safety and ease of use for both patients and healthcare providers.
